Double Bubble radiograph


The image shows two bubbles on a dark background.

The bubbles as we know are round and filled with air.

What if you see two such bubbles on a radiograph. What will you think of??!


YES!! Such a sign in radiograph is called DOUBLE BUBBLE SIGN

Double Bubble sign is a characteristic radiographic finding in DUODENAL ATRESIA.


Normally, during the development of an embryo, the duodenal lumen is canalised, meaning,  the duodenum changes from a solid to a tube-like structure.


In duodenal atresia, there is failure of canalisation of the duodenal lumen. This leads to congenital absence or complete closure of the distal duodenum.There is accumulation of gases and secretions above the blockage.


The classic finding on radiograph is the “double bubble sign” which is due to dilated proximal duodenum and stomach (looks like two bubblesassociated with lack of bowel gas in the distal part of duodenum. This can be detected on abdominal X-ray and ultrasound examination. It can be diagnosed before birth using ultrasound (antenatal diagnosis).

DOUBLE BUBBLE SIGN in radiograph (Click to view image) :

o   Larger, proximal “bubble” is air in a dilated stomach

o      More distal, smaller “bubble” is air in a dilated proximal duodenum

There is usually little or no air in the bowel distal to the obstruction

 

Conditions associated with duodenal atresia:
*Prematurity (45%), Growth retardation (33%), Down's syndrome-Trisomy 21(30%), Annular Pancreas, Miller-Dieker syndrome
*More than 50% patients have associated congenital anomalies such as Congenital heart disease (30%), Incomplete rotation of gut (20%), Anorectal malformations (10%)


CLICK TO VIEW 
Double Bubble Sign - Xray


MORE INFO:
*Duodenal atresia is the most common cause of congenital duodenal obstruction.
*About 30% children with duodenal atresia will have Down Syndrome.
*Bilious vomiting in first several hours of neonatal life is a classic presentation.
*All congenital causes of duodenal obstruction require surgery.
*If left untreated, it is fatal.
*Prognosis will depend on the presence of associated abnormalities.

 




 

 

 

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